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Marine Snow and the Reef Aquarium
PNS YelloSno™ was developed to reproduce the biological characteristics of marine snow rather than merely its appearance. Instead of manufacturing inert particles, Hydrospace designed a process that intentionally mimics the ecological succession occurring during natural marine snow formation.
3 days ago11 min read
Coral-Associated Prosthecochloris (CAP): The Reef's Most Specialized Green Sulfur Bacteria?
Recent genomic work has shown that not all Prosthecochloris marina are alike. Instead, the species appears to contain two distinct ecological lifestyles. One consists of classical free-living marine strains inhabiting anoxic sediments. The other comprises a highly specialized evolutionary lineage now known as Coral-Associated Prosthecochloris (CAP), which has acquired numerous genetic adaptations enabling life within the dynamic environment of coral skeletons.
Jun 2611 min read
The Aquarist’s Guide to PNS Bacteria (and Their Kin)
Phototrophic anaerobic bacteria remind us that microbes are not merely invisible janitors. They are active participants in energy flow, nutrient cycling, immunity, and nutrition. For aquarists, these organisms offer something uniquely compelling: The possibility of transforming waste into living value. Instead of treating dissolved organics solely as pollutants to be removed, these bacteria allow us to reframe them as substrates for producing a nutritious, biologically active
May 1910 min read
Hydrospace Microbial Products Go Big(ger)
The new one-gallon PNS ProBio™ and the upgraded PNS HomeGro™ kit are both available
from Hydrospace through its growing network of retailers. Wholesale inquiries are best directed to Aquarium Supply Distribution (ASD) at https://aquariumsupplydistribution.com.
Oct 7, 20252 min read
Rhodoplanes in Aquaculture: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Applications
With demonstrated capabilities in nitrogen metabolism, gut colonization, and ecological fitness in aquatic systems, Rhodoplanes represents a novel and grossly underexplored candidate for aquacultural biotechnology.
Apr 25, 20256 min read
Strength in Diversity: Syntrophic Relations Between Anaerobic Photosynthetic Bacteria
Rhodovolum, Marichromatium, Prosthecochloris and other beneficial anaerobes can be replenished with bottled syntrophic cultures.
Dec 11, 20243 min read
PNS Deep Cycle™: A Multifunctional Consortium of Beneficial Reef Microbes
PNS Deep Cycle™ contains a functionally complete community of marine anaerobes that are prominent in natural coral reef microbiomes.
Nov 4, 20244 min read
PNS YelloSno™: The Holistic Reef Aquarium Dietary Supplement
PNS YelloSno™ is a wholesome and highly palatable marine snow simulation.
Nov 4, 20243 min read
PNS ProBio™: The Live Aquarium Feed That Improves, Instead of Degrading, Water Quality
The 'Big 3' PNSB for aquatic use include Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodospirillum rubrum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
Nov 4, 20243 min read
Use of Purple NonSulfur Bacteria (PNSB) as Fish Probiotics
The potential of PNSB as probiotics in aquaculture is still being explored; future developments could further enhance their application.
Sep 2, 20248 min read
Marichromatium in Aquaculture: What Does the Science Tell Us So Far?
The intensification of aquaculture has necessitated the exploration of innovative solutions to improve sustainability and productivity....
May 31, 20246 min read
Of Microbes and Mangroves: PNS Bacteria and Rhizophora mangle
Mangroves are one of those keystone species which have the potential to redefine the greater aquarium hobby. Mangroves are organisms...
Dec 17, 202311 min read
PNS Bacteria Shown to Promote Growth of Other Probiotics
PNS bacteria can do a lot to improve aquarium animals’ diets all the way down the food chain–from protists to copepods to fish and corals.
Jul 8, 20232 min read
The Natural Probiotic? PNSB Shown to be Part of Indigenous Fish Gut Microbiota
PNSB (including the highly useful species R. palustris) are naturally found in the guts of wild fish.
May 12, 20234 min read
PNS YelloSno™, Photofermentation and The Coral Reef Environment
For millennia, humans have utilized fermentation to produce an enormous variety of beneficial products. Early Europens fermented hops and...
Jan 9, 20237 min read
I Grew My Own Phototrophic Bacteria with PNS HomeGro™ Kit and So Can You! (Part 1)
The ability to ‘scale up’ larger cultures from an initial purchase is one of the highest criteria I have for evaluating the worth of any...
Dec 24, 20227 min read
Microbiomes of Coral Mucus and Seawater Relate to Specific Coral Metabolic Functions
This study reveals the importance of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) in coral metabolism at the ecosystemic level.
Oct 30, 20222 min read
Destroy all Vibrio: How PNSB Safeguard Against Disease
PNSB (Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodobacter, Rhodovolum, Roseospira, etc.) are novel probiotics that naturally inhibit Vibrio.
Jul 1, 202212 min read
Duel of the Microbes: Rhodospirillum rubrum vs Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Purple non-sulfur bacteria represent the vanguard of our growing library of powerful probiotics. How do they differ from each other?
May 15, 20227 min read
DMSP and Coral-Associated Bacteria
DMSP accumulation can negatively impact coral health (e.g., RTN). Meet the bacteria that reduce this risk.
Jan 8, 20223 min read
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