Rhodovolum, Marichromatium, Prosthecochloris and other beneficial anaerobes can be replenished with bottled syntrophic cultures.

PNS Deep Cycle™ contains a functionally complete community of marine anaerobes that are prominent in natural coral reef microbiomes.

PNS YelloSno™ is a wholesome and highly palatable marine snow simulation.

The 'Big 3' PNSB for aquatic use include Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodospirillum rubrum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides.

The potential of PNSB as probiotics in aquaculture is still being explored; future developments could further enhance their application.

The intensification of aquaculture has necessitated the exploration of innovative solutions to improve sustainability and productivity....

Mangroves are one of those keystone species which have the potential to redefine the greater aquarium hobby. Mangroves are organisms...

As we stand at the cusp of a new era, PNS bacteria continue to evolve as indispensable assets in aquaculture and aquarium management.

PNS bacteria can do a lot to improve aquarium animals’ diets all the way down the food chain–from protists to copepods to fish and corals.

PNSB (including the highly useful species R. palustris) are naturally found in the guts of wild fish.

For millennia, humans have utilized fermentation to produce an enormous variety of beneficial products. Early Europens fermented hops and...

The ability to ‘scale up’ larger cultures from an initial purchase is one of the highest criteria I have for evaluating the worth of any...

This study reveals the importance of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) in coral metabolism at the ecosystemic level.

PNSB (Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodobacter, Rhodovolum, Roseospira, etc.) are novel probiotics that naturally inhibit Vibrio.

Purple non-sulfur bacteria represent the vanguard of our growing library of powerful probiotics. How do they differ from each other?

DMSP accumulation can negatively impact coral health (e.g., RTN). Meet the bacteria that reduce this risk.

Numerous studies have shown that R. palustris is a particularly effective probiotic that can significantly benefit shrimp farmers.

Carotenoids produced by PNSB are either directly consumed/assimilated by corals and other filter-feeders (clams, sponges, tube worms, etc.).

PNSB synthesize quality fatty acids from the waste substances they consume.

R. palustris is a powerhouse of denitrification, consuming wastes while benefiting the overall health of the aquatic system it occupies.